Difference Between Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

• Can you explain the difference between deductive and inductive reasoning? Between causal and analogical reasoning? Where do the weaknesses lie in each of these forms of reasoning and how can you avoid them?

• Research has found that students who learn the fundamentals of argument are better at detecting fallacies than are students without training in argument. This is true not only of public speaking. How might knowledge of fallacies influence the way you respond to persuasive messages in the future? Where are fallacies in argument most likely to exist?

• The authors recommend three possible organizational patterns for speeches on questions of policy: problem–solution, problem–cause–solution, and Monroe’s motivated sequence. Why do these patterns work better than the other organizational patterns for this type of speech?

• What unique ethical considerations face persuasive speakers when they’re addressing questions of fact? What ethical considerations are associated with questions of value? What ethical issues must a persuasive speaker who is addressing a question of policy confront?

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