Write a paper in which you do the following:

• Identify the 4 basic financial statements.
• Describe the purpose of each of the 4 financial statements.
• Discuss the types of accounts that are found on each statement.
• Discuss how the financial statements would be useful to internal users, such as managers and employees.
• Discuss how the financial statements would be useful to external users, such as investors and creditors.

Format the paper consistent with APA guidelines.

Deliverable Length: 800–1,250 words

No plagiarism please!

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Topic area is  :BANK DEBT IN INTERNATIONAL FINIACIAL MARKETS

Select five empirical articles from peer-reviewed journals that:  • you consider critical to your understanding of your area of dissertation research • all address a particular phenomenon and attempt to contribute to theory about it 
Part 1

1. Describe each study, including: • the research problem, questions, or hypotheses • the research purpose • type of design and elements of the design (e.g., sample, data analysis, operationalization of constructs) • threats to validity and if and how they were addressed • the findings and their implications 
2. Critically evaluate each study: Does the author make a compelling case for the meaning and significance of the findings? 

Part 2 Write a literature review that explains what is known and not known about the phenomenon based on a critical evaluation of the five studies. 

Part 3 Develop a research question that addresses one of the unknowns you identified in Part 2 and sketch a quantitative or qualitative study that can answer the question about what is unknown and contribute to theory (in some sense of theory you discuss in Question 1). 
Address:

 • the research purpose

 • type of design and elements of the design (e.g., sample, the type of data you need to collect and how you will collect it, data analysis)

 • the strengths and weaknesses of your envisioned design and methods 

• quantitative: threats to validity and how your design will address them • quantitative: the constructs you will measure and what you will do in order to determine how to operationalize them (you need not identify specific measures)

• qualitative: your means of ensuring the quality of your findings

• justification for why your chosen design and methods are more appropriate for your research question than alternatives you have considered 

 • your methods of data analysis

 • how the data you collect will enable you to answer your research question and contribute to theory 

The structure of your paper should be as follows:  Title page  Body (10-15 pages, no more or less; APA Style; use appropriate headings for organization of the paper)  References (APA Style)

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The organization’s strategic plan you wrote about in Week 2 calls for an aggressive growth plan, requiring investment in facilities and equipment, growth in productivity, and labor over the next five years.  It is your responsibility to determine how the U.S economy during this five year period will impact such an aggressive growth plan. To do so, you should:

Develop a 2,100-word economic outlook forecast that includes the following:

• Analyze the history of changes in GDP, savings, investment, real interest rates, and unemployment and compare to forecast for the next five years.
• Discuss how government policies can influence economic growth.
• Analyze how monetary policy could influence the long-run behavior of price levels, inflation rates, costs, and other real or nominal variables.
• Describe how trade deficits or surpluses can influence the growth of productivity and GDP.
• Discuss the importance of the market for loanable funds and the market for foreign-currency exchange to the achievement of the strategic plan.

Recommend, based on your above findings, whether the strategic plan can be achieved and provide support.

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Your task is to determine the WACC for a company (must be publically traded) using what you know about WACC as well as data you can find through research. Your deliverable is to be a brief report in which you state your determination of WACC, describe and justify how you determined the number, and provide relevant information as to the sources of your data.

Assumptions

As you recall, the formula for WACC is

r_WACC = (E/E+D) r_E + D/(E+D) r_D (1-T_C)

The formula for the required return on a given equity investment is

r_i= r_f + β_i * (R_Mkt-r_f)

R_Mkt-r_fis the Market Risk Premium. For this project, you may assume that the Market Risk Premium is 4%, unless you can develop a better number.

r_f is the risk-free rate. The YTM on 10-year U.S. Treasury securities is a good approximation.

You may assume a corporate tax rate of 40%.

One good source for financial data for companies as well as data about their equity is http://finance.yahoo.com. By looking around this site, you should be able to find the market capitalization (E) as well as the β for any publicly traded company.

There are not many places left where data about corporate bonds is still available. One of them is http://finra-markets.morningstar.com/BondCenter. To find data for a particular company’s bonds, find the Quick Search feature. Then, be sure to specify corporate bonds and type in the name of the issuing company. This should give you a list of all of the company’s outstanding bond issues. Clicking on the symbol for a given bond issue will lead you to the current amount outstanding and the yield to maturity. You are interested in both. The total of all bonds outstanding is D in the above formula.

If you like, you can use the YTM on a bond issue that is not callable as the pre-tax cost of debt for the company.

Deliverable

Write a two or three page report that contains the following elements:

1. Your calculated WACC

2. How data were used to calculate WACC. This would be the formula and the formula with your values substituted.

3. Sources for your data.

4. A discussion of how much confidence you have in your answer. What were the limiting assumptions that you made, if any?

5. When working with Project 2, students may select any publicly traded company.  This e-mail is simply to ensure that each student is fully aware of the assignment requirements – as they are mandatory for all sections of FI515 and not subject to my discretion.

   Overall, you are required to identify the relevant variables and calculate then evaluate the WACC for a company of your choice.  

   To work through the WACC formula, you must first calculate the required rate of return for your company’s stock using the CAPM.  As noted in the project instructions, you can use 4% as the assumed market risk premium and the YTM on the 10 year U.S. treasury as the risk-free rate.  You may also assume a tax rate of 40%.  You will need to determine the total amount of equity as well as the beta score for the company you select.  Please see the Project 2 instructions for tips in this area.

   As noted in the grading rubric for this assignment, correctly identifying the WACC inputs and working through the detailed calculations is 30 points of the 50 point total.
   Do not simply pull a WACC calculation from an internet-based site as the failure to provide the specific information requested in the rubric is a mandatory deduction.  If you do not show the individual variables, their sources and the detailed calculations, you cannot pass this assignment.

   In addition, providing the specific locations (e.g. internet links) for the information you used in the WACC is required.  Please do not forget to provide this information as it is required and would lead to a 10 point mandatory deduction.

   Finally, write a brief paragraph detailing the assumptions and limitations of your answer.  Again, see the detailed project instructions for specific instructions and be sure to let me know in the weekly question and answer thread if you have any questions.

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The need to belong can be described as the desire to form and maintain close, lasting relationships with other individuals.  In this week’s discussion, consider a time when your need to belong led you to do what was in your best interest.  Please respond to all of the following prompts: 

• Consider the elements of attraction as outlined in the text.  Apply each element to platonic and romantic relationships you have had. 
• How do these elements differ in each?
• Are they all equally important or are they weighed differently in friendship than they are in romance?

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